Deep learning techniques for automated Alzheimer's and mild cognitive impairment disease using EEG signals: A comprehensive review of the last decade (2013 - 2024)

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First published online 01 February 2025.

Why this study was done

Brain injuries, including concussions, are common in contact (collision) sports. There is concern that repeated exposure over time may increase the risk of long-term brain problems. This study aimed to better understand whether long-term participation in these sports is linked to biological signs of brain injury.

What the study did

The researchers looked at athletes who had spent many years participating in collision sports. They measured specific substances in the blood (called biomarkers) that can indicate brain injury or changes in the brain.


What the study found

The study found that:

  • Athletes with a history of collision sports may show higher levels of certain biomarkers
  • These biomarkers are linked to brain injury and possible neurodegeneration
  • Changes can be detected even after the immediate effects of a concussion have passed

What this means

This research suggests that long-term participation in contact sports may have lasting effects on the brain. Monitoring biomarkers could help identify early signs of brain changes and improve how athletes are supported and managed over time.

This study was conducted by: Mr. Madhav Acharya, Professor Ravinesh C Deo, Professor Xiaohui Tao, Professor Prabal Datta Barua, Dr. Aruna Devi, Mr Anirudh Atmakuru and Professor Ru-San Tan.

To read the full article, visit the journal.

For other accessible formats, please see the column to the right.

Disclaimer: The QDRN has utilised generative AI to refine the wording of this plain language summary. All content has been checked for accuracy, appropriate tone, and clarity and approved by the author.

First published online 01 February 2025.

Why this study was done

Brain injuries, including concussions, are common in contact (collision) sports. There is concern that repeated exposure over time may increase the risk of long-term brain problems. This study aimed to better understand whether long-term participation in these sports is linked to biological signs of brain injury.

What the study did

The researchers looked at athletes who had spent many years participating in collision sports. They measured specific substances in the blood (called biomarkers) that can indicate brain injury or changes in the brain.


What the study found

The study found that:

  • Athletes with a history of collision sports may show higher levels of certain biomarkers
  • These biomarkers are linked to brain injury and possible neurodegeneration
  • Changes can be detected even after the immediate effects of a concussion have passed

What this means

This research suggests that long-term participation in contact sports may have lasting effects on the brain. Monitoring biomarkers could help identify early signs of brain changes and improve how athletes are supported and managed over time.

This study was conducted by: Mr. Madhav Acharya, Professor Ravinesh C Deo, Professor Xiaohui Tao, Professor Prabal Datta Barua, Dr. Aruna Devi, Mr Anirudh Atmakuru and Professor Ru-San Tan.

To read the full article, visit the journal.

For other accessible formats, please see the column to the right.

Disclaimer: The QDRN has utilised generative AI to refine the wording of this plain language summary. All content has been checked for accuracy, appropriate tone, and clarity and approved by the author.